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The five pictures in this panel show the evolution of north west Tuscany from the early Quaternary (about 2 million years ago) to today. The map is reproduced, with the kind permission of the authors, from "Ricostruzione paleogeografica e paleoidrografica del Valdarno Inferiore (Toscana - Italia)" (Paleogeographic and paleohydrographic reconstruction of the Lower Valdarno) from the book "L'evoluzione della paleogeografia e della rete idrografica del Valdarno Inferiore" (The evolution of the paleogeography and hydrographical network of the Lower Valdarno" by Federici e Mazzanti, Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana (Italian Geographical Society Gazette serie 11, Vol. 5, 1988.